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The disorders, which set in when the DNA sequences of the gene, or genes change is Genetic disorders. The problem comes from the changes, which affect the normal working of the genes and not the genes themselves. Genetic disorders can set in at any age.
Mutation refers to the division of cells. Therefore, when the cells divide, the combination of their chromosomes undergoes changes. Many smaller cells form within one small cell, when the non-chromosomal DNA cells of a baby within a womb changes. These chromosome alterations or abnormalities cause Genetic disorders like Down’s syndrome. Sometimes only one gene develops changes, which causes cell anemia. Still complicated changes take place in many different genes. These along with some other factors cause Genetic disorders like Diabetes, Cancer, etc.
Disorder of the genes needs immediate treatment. Doctors can detect such disorders in expectant mothers by checking their blood or skin samples. Every hospital does the full screening of a baby immediately after birth to prevent the disorders from developing into bigger issues.
Generally, the cells undergo division due to certain chemical reactions or due to the age factor. At times, the cells correct these divisions by themselves. The genes are passed on from the parents to the children. If both the parents have problem genes, the chances of the children developing Genetic disorders are higher. Sometimes, the number of chromosomes in the unison of the egg and the sperm are too many, which causes disorders of the genes.
Scientists are making headways in finding a cure for Genetic Disorders. One such cure is to induct healthy genes in to the affected ones. By this process, healthy genes outnumber the problem ones. However, the main drawback of this gene therapy is that the innumerable genes and their individual functions still need recognition in medical circles.
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